Cyber security refers to the practice of safeguarding cyberspace from malicious attacks. Its primary objective is to protect the interconnected network of the internet — including our data, information, storage resources, cloud services, and connected devices — from unauthorized access and threats.

What is a Cyber Attack?
A cyber attack is an attempt to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems, networks, or devices via the internet. Such attacks target mobile phones, computers, and online transactions. Cyber criminals, including hackers and spammers, carry out these illegal activities to steal personal data, sensitive information, or financial resources.

Common Types of Cyber Attacks
Malware
Phishing
Password Attacks
DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service)
Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
Drive-by Downloads
Malvertising
Rogue Software

Key Areas of Cyber Security
Endpoint Security
This focuses on securing endpoints — the connection points between devices and networks. Since these points are vulnerable, endpoint security ensures safe communication and prevents unauthorized data access.

Data Security
Data security involves protecting information during storage and transfer to prevent loss, theft, or corruption.

Application Security
This protects sensitive personal data within software applications. For example, securing patient information such as names, addresses, phone numbers, and medical records in a hospital system.

Network Security
Network security safeguards a company's networks from unauthorized access and ensures secure internal data sharing across various locations.

Perimeter Security
This protects an organization's entire digital infrastructure, including devices and sensitive data, from external threats and leaks.

Human Threat Protection
This aspect focuses on mitigating risks posed by human errors, such as falling victim to phishing scams or inadvertently disclosing confidential information. It includes training, phishing simulations, and access management controls.

Web Security
Web security encompasses the protection of websites, networks, users, and computer systems against online threats.

The Growing Importance of Cyber Security
With digital information traffic projected to increase tenfold over the next five years, the demand for robust cyber security measures is also expected to rise significantly. As a result, courses and career opportunities in this field are likely to grow, highlighting the need for skilled cyber security professionals.