A list of this years Nobel Prize winners

stockholm: this year's nobel prizes concluded with the announcement of the nobel memorial prize in economics. all awards, except the peace prize announced in oslo, will be presented at ceremonies on dec. 10, the anniversary of alfred nobel's death.medicine (oct 6): mary e. brunkow, fred ramsdell, and dr. shimon sakaguchi won for discovering regulatory t cells, a key pathway for controlling the immune system. their work is aiding treatments for autoimmune diseases, improving organ transplant success, and enhancing cancer-fighting responses.physics (oct 7): john clarke, michel h. devoret, and john m. martinis were awarded for their research on quantum tunnelling, enabling ultrasensitive measurements in mri machines and advancing digital technologies.chemistry (oct 8): susumu kitagawa, richard robson, and omar m. yaghi received the prize for developing molecular structures capable of trapping large amounts of gas, which could help remove greenhouse gases or harvest moisture in arid regions.literature (oct 9): hungarian writer lászló krasznahorkai was honoured for novels combining surrealism, bleak worldviews, and mordant humour, including the melancholy of resistance and baron wenckheim's homecoming. he has been a vocal critic of hungarian prime minister viktor orbán.peace (oct 10): maría corina machado of venezuela won for her role as a unifying figure in the country's political opposition. machado, 58, faced disqualification from running against president nicolás maduro and has been in hiding since january. she is the 20th woman to win the nobel peace prize.economics (oct 13): joel mokyr, philippe aghion, and peter howitt were awarded for research on innovation-driven economic growth and the concept of “creative destruction,” showing how new technologies replace older ones. mokyr, an economic historian at northwestern university, and howitt and aghion, who used mathematical models, represent complementary approaches to economics.winners receive a cash prize, an 18-carat gold medal, and a diploma. the economics prize is formally the bank of sweden prize in economic sciences in memory of alfred nobel.